London: The 34-year-old Vaughan captained England to a series victory over Australia four years ago but has not played internationally since stepping down from the role in August.
Yorkshire''s 21-year-old spinner Adil Rashid is the only uncapped player in a squad that will also provide the team to play West Indies in a two-Test home series.
Essex''s James Foster was recalled as one of three wicketkeepers, almost seven years after his last Test.
England Provisional Squad: Andrew Strauss, Tim Ambrose (wk), Ravi Bopara, Matthew Prior (wk), Ian Bell, Stuart Broad, Paul Collingwood, Alastair Cook, Andrew Flintoff, Owais Shah, James Foster, Robert Key, Amjad Khan, Dimitri Mascarenhas, Sajid Mahmood, Monty Panesar, Samit Patel, Kevin Pietersen, Adil Rashid, Stephen Harmison, James Anderson, Ryan Sidebottom, Graeme Swann, Michael Vaughan, Luke Wright.