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Johannesburg: Responding to South Africa's 266, Australia ground out a 30-run lead despite losing 10-122 after openers Phil Hughes and Shane Watson made an excellent start at New Wanderers Stadium in Johannesburg.
The pair put on 174 for the first wicket before the collapse, which was inspired by paceman Dale Steyn (4-64).
Leg-spinner Imran Tahir (3-55) took his first Test wickets, while Vernon Philander, Jacques Kallis and Morne Morkel contributed a scalp each.
Other than some late hitting from Mitchell Johnson (38 not out), the Australian batsmen again failed after Hughes and Watson departed, each falling for 88.
South Africa faced an uneventful four balls in their second innings before bad light stopped play for a second straight day.
After an excellent bowling display on day one, Australia - needing a win to level the two-match series - were backed up by their opening batsmen.
Riding their luck, they smashed 169 runs at 5.12 runs per over in the first session, including 26 fours and two sixes.
For Hughes, it included a life when Hashim Amla dropped a tough chance, but he should have been on his way on 38.
South Africa decided against the review when the left-hander was given not out after getting a thick inside edge through to Mark Boucher from a Kallis ball.
The hosts produced better with the ball after lunch, bowling fewer loose deliveries.
Philander (1-47) got a deserved wicket when Hughes attempted to drive a good length ball through cover, and AB de Villiers took a sharp catch at first slip.
From there, Australia lost wickets at regular intervals.
Tahir took a terrific catch diving to his right to a Watson pull shot, while Ricky Ponting was gone for a duck in the next over.
The former captain's barren run without a Test century stretched to 27 innings when Steyn caught him in front as he characteristically walked across his crease.
Captain Michael Clarke (11) played a loose shot and was caught by de Villiers and Usman Khawaja (12) was removed when Steyn trapped him plumb in front.
Veteran Mike Hussey (20) was the next to go as the brilliant Steyn ripped straight to him to reduce Australia to 6-233.
Tahir got his first Test wicket when Brad Haddin's poor form continued, before the leg-spinner bowled Peter Siddle with a googly.
Steyn removed Pat Cummins and should have had a five-for if substitute fielder Dale Deeb had held onto a straightforward catch from Nathan Lyon, who was out LBW to another Tahir googly.
Brief scores
South Africa 266 and 0 for 0
Australia 296 (Hughes 88, Watson 88, Steyn 4-64)
Status South Africa trial by 30 runs
