London: Joe Root has stepped down as England Test captain, citing the "toll" and "impact" the role has had on him.
The 31-year-old was appointed Sir Alastair Cook's successor in 2017, and holds the record for the highest number of matches and wins as captain.
But his last series as skipper ended in defeat by West Indies, the 10-wicket third Test loss stretching England's winless run to nine matches.
Root's tally of 5,295 runs as captain is the most by any England captain, and he scored 14 centuries while holding the position.
England's second-highest Test run scorer of all time, he led his country in a record 64 Tests and has overseen the most wins (27) but also the most defeats (26).
His notable series losses include two 4-0 Ashes defeats in Australia, in 2017-18 and 2021-22.
Last month's series defeat in the Caribbean followed England's 4-0 Ashes defeat at the hands of Australia and is their fourth series loss in a row - fifth if including the unfinished series against India, in which England trail 2-1.
England have won one of their past 17 Tests, their worst run since the 1980s.
They are in the process of appointing a new managing director and men's head coach, following the departures of Ashley Giles and Chris Silverwood after the Ashes.
It had been expected a decision on Root's future would be made once those positions had been filled.